Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. In June 1934, Fard left Detroit for Chicago and disappeared without a trace. Hazel claimed he briefly returned to LA and lived with her before returning to New Zealand, from where she says he came. Modern Nation of Islam theology is based upon the belief that Fard's teaching of Elijah Muhammad was fulfillment of scripture regarding God's teaching of an Apostle, where Fard is described as "God in Person", the "Messiah", and the "Mahdi". WebWallace Muhammad - Disappearance Disappearance In June 1934, Fard left Detroit for Chicago and disappeared without a trace. In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. The FBI maintained an open file on Fard Muhammad up until as late as 1960, according to documents published through the Freedom of Information Act. They traced one Wallace Dodd Ford of Los Angeles, a violent man with a criminal record who worked at a local restaurant. The Noble Drew Ali, the prophet of the Moorish-Americans, proclaimed that these people were 'descendants of Morrocans [Moroccans]'. A 1957 FBI report stated that Muhammad previously lived in Portland, Oregon, under the alias Fred Dodd, and in Los Angeles and Chicago as Wallie/Wallace Dodd Ford. [24] He established the University of Islam, where school-age children were taught, rather than in the public schools. And that she is number one to be destroyed. Most sources in the Nation of Islam claim that he hailed from The Holy City Mecca in Saudi Arabia, 1920 Federal U.S. Census, Los Angeles City, Enumeration District 206, Sheet 10B, California State Board of Health, County of Orange, Certificate of Marriage, Local Registered No. Islam in the African AmericanExperience. From then onwards, he is untraceable. Did Lee Harvey Oswald act alone? He arrived in Detroits Paradise Valley on July 4, 1930, in order to achieve this goal. PRAISE HIS HOLY NAME! What seems most remarkable is that Fard seems to have utterly disappeared from the governments (especially the FBIs) radar after leaving Detroit in 1933. [21][Note 1] These incidents drew police attention, according to Beynon, and contributed to persecutions and schisms. Interestingly she had found a letter among his personal belongings addressed to one "Fred Dodd" of Portland. [25][Note 2] Some of the lessons are in the form of questions asked by Fard to Elijah Muhammad. His very name is uncertain. Only a few things are certain. rcel.id = 'rc_' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); [20] Fard prepared texts that served as authoritative manuals of the faith and were memorized verbatim by his followers. Consequently, Fard and another leader, Ugan Ali, were arrested and questioned. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. Fard snuck back into Detroit in January 1933, but was identified by authorities, arrested in May and again ordered to leave the city. Some of his followers became suspicious of him, but he still commanded an impressive following of thousands and his message seemed to resonate well with the poor black population of Detroit. The NOI consider Fard to have been a light-skinned black man. [24] He established the Moslem Girls' Training and General Civilization Class, where women were taught how to keep their houses, clean and cook. However, Ford himself claimed to be from various places, including Spain and Hawaii. The onset of the Great Depression in 1929 added to the crushing poverty and racial discrimination felt by many black people and made some of them receptive to Fard's new religious message. But I don't get that instant feeling of recognition and "wow, these guys are obviously the same person! A few of them had come under the influence of the Moorish-American cult which succeeded it. "[48][dubious discuss] An FBI memorandum dated August 1963 states that the FBI had not been able to verify his birthdate or birthplace, and "he was last heard from in 1934. A Fred Dodd married Pearl Allen in Portland, Oregon in 1914. WebThe FBIs FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. He also listed his race as Caucasian and his birthdate as February 26, 1893. Omissions? One member of the group, later declared mentally insane, allegedly participated in "human sacrifice" in 1932 in an effort to follow lessons regarding the sacrifice of devils. On a 1917 draft registration card, a Wallie Dodd Ford gave his birthplace as Shinka, Afghanistan. A handwritten lesson written by Fard states: "Twelve Leaders of Islam from all over the Planet have conferred in the Root of Civilization concerning the Lost-Found Nation of Islam must return to their original Land. Almost everyday we would have conversations (actually friendly debate) about his faith. Contemporary American Religion. All written records and documents that he or other people filled out on his behalf list him as white or caucasian. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. In 1934, he disappeared from public record, and Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as leader of the Nation of Islam. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Jeffrey Eugenides novel Middlesex, which could justly be called a Detroit epic, includes a fascinating chapter in which the matriarch of the Stephanides family, Desdemona, takes a job as a silk worker at the Nation of Islams headquarters on Hastings Street. [64][65] Fard wrote the following for his followers: "[T]he LESSONS that OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH) gave us to Study and Learn is the Fulfillment of the Prophecies of All the Former Prophets concerning the Beginning of the Devils, and the Ending of the Civilization, and of our Enslavement by the Devils, and Present Time of our Delivery from the Devils by OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH). Did Marco Polo ever reach China? But perhaps most notably, he was the man who founded the Nation of Islam, a political and religious organization that brought Malcolm X, one of the 20th centurys most important Americans, into the spotlight. But as a prerequisite for black liberation, he stressed the importance of attaining "knowledge of self." While there is plenty written about Ford, not much is known about Fard. [40] Barton-Ford gave a description of Wallie Ford, and described him as a Caucasian New Zealander. [24], According to Beynon, Fard's followers grew to approximately eight thousand. But it's a dead end - as far as anybody in the country, or indeed the world is concerned, Wallace Fard Muhammed no longer exists. It is important to realize that Farrakhan is the current leader of one of two main NOI factions that emerged after the Honorable Elijah Muhammads death on Feb. 24, 1975. Free maps of USA towns - printable, unique, stylish, souvenir maps for download now! He told followers he was born in the holy city of Mecca, and his light-skinned appearance, courtesy of his Russian Jewish mother, was pre-ordained so that he could more easily mix with white people. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (function() { Much of what is known about him is shrouded in mystery, and it is difficult to separate fact from mythological stories. He advocated community members to establish and own their own businesses,[13] eat healthy, raise families, and refrain from drugs and alcohol. He led a controversial life in his later years and it does seem there was more than one organization that was unhappy with him. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. WebFard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. Fard, which contains 40 questions answered by Elijah Muhammad, one of the lost found in the wilderness of North America February 20th, 1934."[25]. Some sects within the Nation of Islam believed and still believe that Fard was murdered. Practically none of them had been in the North prior to the collapse of the Marcus Garvey movement. The Nation of Islam list Muhammads birthday as February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day. But he's certainly not black like he claimed. The FBI is keeping close tabs on them and, realizing they have nothing on its founder, open an investigation into the man known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, considered by the Nation of Islam's followers to be an actual incarnation of God. Among the files reviewed was that of Wallace Dodd Ford. He spoke as a guest at the NOI temples in Detroit and Chicago. He had met Muhammad in prison where the two men plotted a confidence game in which followers were charged a fee to become Muslims. According to his successor, Elijah Muhammad, Fard was an incarnation of God. A 1920 birth record for a boy named Wallace Max Ford born in Los Angeles lists his father as Wallace Ford, who was born in New Zealand, and his mother as Hazel Barton. ), Mecca-born founder of the Nation of Islam (sometimes called Black Muslim) movement in the United States. Now, the Messenger and his Laborers worked day and night for the last three and one-half years, and their accomplishments are approximately twenty-five thousand"[25], In this lesson, Fard places the number of converts obtained in Detroit at 25,000, and he describes a "Messenger" sent to the "Lost-Found Nation of Islam" who is "of their own". This fits with Ford's former professions. Black Nationalism: A Search for Identity in America. They would have been born back in the 1860's, long before Hawaii was a part of the United States. [52] One theory postulated is that Fard was of Afghan heritage. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Fard, 2017, by A.K. Some people claim that he died from injuries inflicted by the police while he was in jail. All Rights Reserved. It says that Wallace Fard "is awaiting an immigration hearing. To further muddy the waters, C.E. 2 as its headquarters. How we had been made blind, deaf and dumb by this white race of people and how we must return to our people, our God and His religion of peace (Islam), the religion of the prophets. '"[59], Elijah Muhammad, who led the Nation of Islam from 1934 to 1975, heard Fard teach for the first time in 1931. Fard by A. K. Arian studies the origin of the Nation of Islam founder. Although I'm inclined to believe the official story that he simply fled the country after coming under heat from the police. His color is listed as White. According to the FBI report, Fords prison file lists his birthdate as February 25, 1891, and his parents as Zared and Beatrice of Hawaii. Fard as being Allah (God) and claims that Fard is the source of all of his teachings, it is suggested that an exhaustive effort be made to fully identify and locate W. D. Fard and/or members of his family. One faction, the Moors, remains faithful to Noble Drew Ali, and the other, which is now led by Elijah Muhammad, remains faithful to Prophet Fard (Master Wallace Fard Muhammad). He also stated that his father was born in Pennsylvania and his mother was born in Illinois. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? She is first hypnotized by his voice, then by his message. [17] He came to the homes of black families who had recently migrated to Detroit from the rural South. How that ALLAH would separate us from the Devils and, then destroy them; and Change us into a New and Perfect People; and Fill the Earth with FREEDOM, JUSTICE and EQUALITY as it was filled with wickedness; and Making we, the Poor Lost-Founds, the Perfect RULERS."[25]. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. They must learn that they are the original people, noblest of the nations of the earth. Elijah Muhammad, who took the position of leader of the Nation of Islam after Fard's disappearance, railed agaist the media claims that Ford was Fard. Fard taught that approximately 6,000 years ago a black scientist named Yakub conducted gene-manipulation experiments that resulted in the creation of the inferior white race. Lincoln, C. Eric. With growing prestige over a constantly increasing group, [Fard] became bolder in his denunciation of white people and began to attack the teachings of the Bible in such a way as to shock his hearers and bring them to an emotional crisis. He was drawn to return to the United States in order to liberate the African-Americans from their half-slave and half-free condition. Leader of the Nation of Islam He offered the media $100,000 if they could produce solid proof that Ford and Fard were the same person. 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wallace fard muhammad disappearance